“This country’s working people actually got a raise.”

During his long session with reporters to mark his first year in office, President Joe Biden said he’d had both setbacks and wins. He counted wages as one of the wins.

“For the first time in a long time, this country’s working people actually got a raise,” Biden said Jan. 19. “The people of the bottom 40% saw their income go up, the most of all the categories.”

Here we focus on the heart of that statement, that “working people actually got a raise.” 

In simple dollar amounts, yes, earnings went up. But with inflation at a 40-year high, the real value of people’s paychecks went down. (Sen. Mitt Romney, R-Utah, had a similar problem — but from the opposite direction — weighing inflation against wage gains in a claim we fact-checked.)

Real vs. constant dollars

Two different sets of government numbers tell the same story — inflation outpaced raises.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics tracks median weekly earnings for each quarter. And it gives the numbers in both current dollars — what people see on their pay stubs —  and real dollars — the buying power after inflation.

In current dollars — unadjusted for inflation — the typical weekly paycheck was $1,008 in the fourth quarter of 2021, up from $982 a year earlier.

But in inflation-adjusted dollars, pay went down over that period to $945 a week.

The Federal Reserve shows similar trends for average hourly earnings. Between December 2020 and December 2021, average hourly earnings for private employees rose by 4.7%, which is a healthy increase by historical standards.

But inflation, as measured by the federal government’s Consumer Price Index, was 7% in that period. That was the biggest increase since 1982, when President Ronald Reagan was still in his first term in office.

“Wages have increased substantially, but less than inflation,” said Molly Kinder, a fellow at the Brookings Institution, a Washington-based policy research center.  “Thus real wages have declined slightly.”

The White House press office said Biden was talking about the nominal increase in wages. They noted that most economists expect inflation to ease, which would set the stage for real wage gains.

The effect on low earners

Biden also touted gains for lower-wage earners, “the bottom 40%.” He said they did the best in terms of income gains.

BLS data showed that workers at the bottom quarter of the earnings ladder saw their incomes rise by 6.6%, nearly keeping pace with inflation.

But for the middle 50% of workers, earnings rose just about 2.6%. That lagged well behind inflation. The top 10% of earners saw a rise of 5.3%.

Workers at large companies did better, one survey found. Brookings took data reported by 13 large companies (ranging from Amazon to McDonalds) and found that through October 2021, workers at 10 of them saw wage gains even after accounting for inflation.

Our ruling

Biden said that “this country’s working people actually got a raise.”

They did, with an overall increase of 4.7%. But with inflation at 7%, the average person lost ground in terms of real income. This was particularly true for the middle half of earners who saw a median wage increase of only about 2.5%.

The picture was a bit better for low-wage earners, but not enough to shift the broader pattern for 2021: Inflation outpaced wage increases.

We rate this claim Mostly False.