As the political outsider turned president of the United States, Donald Trump has proposed a five-point plan to crack down on corruption in Washington in his first 100 days in office. Included in that crack down: establishing congressional term limits.
"If I’m elected president, I will push for a constitutional amendment to impose term limits on all members of Congress,” Trump said at a rally in Colorado Springs, Colo. “Right? They’ve been talking about that for years.”
Under Trump’s proposal, U.S. House members would be limited to six years and senators would be limited to 12 years. This promise will be a challenge because the only one way to enact congressional term limits is through a constitutional amendment, which has only happened 27 times in the history of the United States.
WHY HE'S PROMISING IT
Members of the U.S. House of Representatives can serve unlimited two-year terms. Senators can serve unlimited six-year terms.
Supporters of Trump’s initiatives believe unlimited terms motivate representatives to focus on getting re-elected, thus causing a disconnect between the voter and politician. Those who favor unlimited congressional term limits believe the time allows the officeholder to fully understand the issues facing the constituency.
WHAT NEEDS TO HAPPEN
There’s only one way to enact congressional term limits — a constitutional amendment.
An amendments can be proposed in two ways. The first way is approval by two-thirds of the Senate and the House on the proposal. Amendments can also be proposed at a convention called by two-thirds of state legislatures.
From there, there are two ways to ratify an amendment. The first is if three-fourths of state legislatures vote in favor of the amendment. The second is if Congress directs states to establish ratifying conventions where three-fourths of all states must approve of the amendment.
On January 3, 2017, former presidential candidate Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) and U.S. Rep. Ron DeSantis (R-Fla.) introduced an amendment to impose term limits on members of Congress. It would limit U.S. senators to two six-year terms and members of the U.S. House of Representatives to three two-year terms.
WHAT’S STANDING IN HIS WAY
Past proposals to establish term limits have never been successful, sometimes facing opposition from both parties.
Two decades ago, then-House Speaker Newt Gingrich unveiled the “Contract with America,” which included a proposal to establish term limits. The proposal for term limits was brought to Congress as a constitutional amendment and failed in the House.
“This frankly feels like one of those zombie policy ideas that just doesn't die, and pops up in response to frustration with Congress,” said Laura Blessing, a professor at the Government Affairs Institute at Georgetown University.